Carmen Reid

For decades, the question of who should control Native American cultural artifacts has been a source of debate, legal action, and emotional struggle. Museums, universities, and private collections across the world hold thousands of Indigenous artifacts , many of which were removed without consent. Now, a groundbreaking wave of academic research is transforming how repatriation is understood, managed, and implemented. This emerging research does more than analyze historical injustice. It offers practical frameworks that could permanently change how Native American artifacts are identified, documented, and returned to their rightful communities. The Historical Context of Artifact Removal The removal of Native American artifacts dates back centuries, often occurring during periods of colonization, forced relocation, and cultural suppression. Explorers, collectors, and institutions took sacred objects, burial items, tools, and ceremonial pieces with little regard for tribal sovereignty. Ma...

College counseling has steadily transformed from a purely administrative function into a comprehensive educational practice . Today, it is designed to teach students how to make informed academic, personal, and professional decisions across diverse cultural and social contexts. An educative approach to college counseling focuses on skill-building, reflection, and long-term development rather than short-term outcomes such as admission alone. Through structured guidance, counselors educate students on goal setting, decision-making frameworks, ethical leadership, and global awareness. These learning-centered practices prepare students to navigate complex educational pathways, including studying abroad, returning home, and engaging in service-oriented initiatives. Counseling, therefore, becomes a learning environment where students develop self-awareness and critical thinking. When counseling is positioned as an educational tool, it naturally connects with repatriation and volunteerism. St...

Returning “home” after living abroad can feel surprisingly disorienting. Repatriated students often experience reverse culture shock, identity shifts, and academic uncertainty just when they’re expected to slip back into familiar routines. In the middle of college planning, these challenges can show up as stress, low motivation, or confusion about where they fit—and what comes next. College counseling can be a stabilizing force during this transition, especially when paired with volunteer programs. Volunteering gives repatriated students real-world structure, social connection, and a meaningful way to translate global experience into community impact. With the proper guidance, service becomes more than an activity—it becomes a bridge from re-entry stress to renewed confidence and purpose. Why Repatriation Can Disrupt College Planning Repatriated students may return to a country that looks the same but feels different. Friend groups have changed, social cues feel unfamiliar, and even l...